Household Robots

How Can a Robot Know What Is Going on Around It? The vacuum robot can sense when a wall is near. Robots used to explore space can keep themselves pointed in the right direction. To do all these things, the robot has to be aware of its environment. Human beings have senses. We can see, hear, smell, taste, and touch. A robot needs to be able to get the same kinds of Information. This problem has already been addressed. Robots can be equipped with sensors, circuits, and a microcontroller. Sensors are electronic devices that identify things the way human senses do. 

For example, a robot can "see- using optical sensors. An optical sensor detects the amount and type of light. It also detects shapes and colors. it converts what it sees into electrical impulses. These impulses travel inside the robot on a path called an electric circuit. The circuit is a pathway through which electricity can travel. The circuit carries the impulses to a microcontroller. A microcontroller is a small computer that understands what the impulses mean. It uses the information and compares it to the robot's programming. It then sends electrical signals over the circuits back to the robot's sensors or other parts. The robot responds according to the instructions from the microcontroller. You might Conclusion All over the world, inventors are working hard to develop truly intelligent, humanlike robots. There are already robots all over the place, small ones in our homes and larger ones that do boring, dangerous work for us. We have robots that can walk, talk, and dance, but they cannot really think—yet.

Conclusion

For now at least, we do not need to worry about robots ruling the world. They would need to be able to think and solve problems the way a person can, and none of them can do that. But we should not take robots lightly. They make life easier for us in many ways.

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Medical Robots

Household Robots You have read about some of the robots used in people's homes. More are on the way. There are inexpensive robots that can play soccer on your coffee table or kitchen floor. Some people have toy robotic dogs that can bark and follow them. You may even have built your own robots using construction toys! These robots respond to commands that people give. Before long, you may have robots in your home that can run on their own after you start them. There is no such thing as a robot maid or butler—yet. You cannot find a robot that will walk with you to school. There is no place to buy a robot that will put away the dishes or help you do your homework. But things are starting to move in that direction. A company in Massachusetts has already Invented a small household robot that will vacuum your floor.

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More factories Use the robots

In addition to bring safer and more consistent, factory robots have another advantage—they are not living things. They never get sick or need lunch or restroom breaks. They do not need vacations or paychecks. They can work 24 hours a day without sleeping. Keeping a robot in good working order is cheaper than hiring people to do the same job. This can be both good and bad. Using robots makes it cheaper and faster to produce goods. Companies can bell their products for Iwo money, and more people can afford them. But people who are replaced by robots have to find new jobs. Fortunately, some new jobs are created by the use of robots too—jobs such as programming robots. These jobs are usually more complicated than factory work. People often need special training to do this kind of work. 

Factory Robots Factory robots are used on assembly lines, where the same parts need to be put together for each thing being made. Factories also use robots to paint weld, and move parts from one plate to another. One large car maker uses more than 16.000 robots in its factories. Today, almost every car made in the world is made with some robotic help. Safety is a major reason for robot use in factories. Doing the same thing again and again fur hours and hours is very dulL Men people do this, they become bored and tired. After a while, it is hard for them to pay attention. People start making mistakes. Sometimes they injure themselves. None of this is a problem for robots. Robots do a job exactly the same way every time. People may change how they do the job—even without realising It. Robots do exactly what they are programmed to do, so they go thnnigh exactly the same act ion5 every time. They do the work more consistently than people do. 

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Factory robots at work

When Were Real Robots First Invented? Like many invention* robots developed over a period of time and Involved ideas from many people. More than 100 years ago, a man named Nikola Testa was 11w first to design a machine that could he operated by remote control. Testa believed that it would someday be possible to make machines that were as smart and as useful as people. From the late 1920, until the 1940s, a company called Westinghouse experimented with building mechanical people. The results were machines that were somewhere between automatons and robots. The most interesting machines were a mechanical person named Elektro and a metal dog, Sparko. Elektro walked and talked In pre programmed ways when its Inventor gave orders. Sparko followed Melina, wagging its tall as it barked and growled. Like automatons, they were entertaining but of no real use. 

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When were Real Robots First Invented?

When Were Real Robots First Invented? Like many invention* robots developed over a period of time and Involved ideas from many people. More than 100 years ago, a man named Nikola Testa was 11w first to design a machine that could he operated by remote control. Testa believed that it would someday be possible to make machines that were as smart and as useful as people. From the late 1920, until the 1940s, a company called Westinghouse experimented with building mechanical people. The results were machines that were somewhere between automatons and robots. The most interesting machines were a mechanical person named Elektro and a metal dog, Sparko. Elektro walked and talked In pre programmed ways when its Inventor gave orders. Sparko followed Melina, wagging its tall as it barked and growled. Like automatons, they were entertaining but of no real use. 




The first invention that was truly a robot was built in 1954. An inventor named George Deng made a machine called a manipulator. It looked and acted like a human arm. and it could be programmed to do many jobs. Devol helped start the tint robot company in 1756. By the early 1960s, robots like the manipulator were being manufactured and sold to factories. This same kind of robot, with some improvements, is still widely used today. In the late 1960s a mkt on wheels named Shakev was imented.Shakey was the first robot that was cotwitlercil intelligent. Its Irwin was a huge computer that communicated with it by radio. Al about the same time. an engineer built a 3,000-pound four-legged robot that could walk up tot miles an hour. It was called the Walking Truck. Shakey and the Walking Truck could understand a few simple commands and mow, but they were not irdelligent In the tame way that people are. 
Robots Today Right now there are more than 700,000 robots being used in the world. There are about 60,000 robots an the United States alone. Europe uses about twice as many as America does. Japan uses the most robots—more than half a million! Most robots today are run by electric motors and controlled by computers. Like earlier robots, these robots cannot think for themselves. They can only follow programs. But people have developed programs and robots that can do many things. Think of a task- If there is not a robot that can do it, there is probably somebody trying to invent one. As scientists and engineers develop better robots, we will be seeing them doing more and more. In the future, it will not be unusual to see robots making highways, constructing buildings, laying underground pipe, and performing many other difficult tasks. Since 1975 there have been robotic arms that can pick up objects, move them, and set them down exactly the way the programmer wants. Many of today's robotic arms can telescope. This means that they can become longer or shorter when needed. Some robotic arms can bend like the hose of a vacuum cleaner. Many of them have 'hands" that work the way human hand!. do. These hands are called.trippers. Different types of grippers are mask: and each type has a specific purpose. Some of them can screw on butts. Others can carry test tubes or hold welding rods. 

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The moon makes a trip

Do you know that the moon is 225,000 miles from earth? To go that many miles in a fast car, you would have to travel 100 miles an hour for three whole months without stopping!

The moon makes a trip around the earth about once a month. It looks  small to us because it is so far away. But it is almost as wide as the UnitedStates from New York to California.

If you stood on the moon and looked at the earth, you would not be able to see any  mountains,buildings,or trees.
You would see a blue-white ball.The blue would be earth's oceans. The white would be clouds.

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Some animals are so tiny

Some animals are so tiny that you have to look close to see them. And millions of animals are so small that you cannot see them without a microscope. The little old world harvest mouse only five inches from its nose to its tial.

The pygmy shrew is a very fierce fighter, But it is only three inches long and weights about as much as penny. The chihuahua is the smalllest dog. It weights only two or three pounds. A chihuahua puppy can sit in a teacup.

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The largest animals

Do you know the largest animals? The largest four-legged creature that ever lived on land was a dinosaur called Brachiosaurus.
It stood about 35 feet tall and was 70 feet long from its nose to its tail.
Brachiosaurus lived millions of years ago. But the largest animal that ever lived is still living now. The blue whale is a giant that lives in the ocean, But it is not a fish. 
It must come to top of the water for air. The Blue whale can grow up to 95 feet long and weight 150 tons. That is as much as 25 African elephants weight. The whale shark is the largest fish.

It grows up to 60 feet long. This harmless shark eats only plankton-small plants and animals that live in the ocean. One of the largest snakes is the giant anaconda. It can grow more than 30 feet long.

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Do You Know?

Do You Know?

 Do you know that the african bull elephant is the largest land animal living today? Its ears alone can measure up to four feet across.
This elephant usually grows about ten feet tall at the shoulders and weighs about six tons.





And the common flea ia a champion jumper. It can make a jump more than 7 inches high and 13 inches long. That is 130 times the hight of its body.

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Meena S. Tvi Tamil

Meena S. Tvi Tamil New Year (Kaatril Varum Geethame) This is luksimi's sister meena's competition song for award!

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Luksimi Tvi's Superstar

Luksimi Tvi's Superstar Season 2 Round 4- Favourite Singer! This is tamil girl another competition programm!

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Luksimi & Agalya on Veenai!

Luksimi & Agalya on Veenai at Markham Thai Pongal & New Year celebration!

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S.Luksimi Enathuyir cover.

S.Luksimi Enathuyir cover. Mov. This is luksimi super singer competition for wining award.

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Food Webs

Organisms in a food chain often eat-and get eaten-by more than just one thing. Rabbits don't eat just grass. They also eat clover,leaves,and shrubs.
In the grass isn't eaten just by rabbits aren't eaten just foxes. They re also prey to coyotes and wolves. Foxes eat squirrels, toads,chipmunks, and rabbits.
 This connection among food chains forms a food web. Food Webs are overlapping food chains within an ecosystem.

Food chains and food webs occur in the water as well as on land. Even in the water, almost all food chains begin with energy form the Sun. Tiny organisms in the ocean called phytoplankton make their own food from the sun's energy.

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Working Together

Different species within ecosystems work together in other ways, too. Some have an association called symbiosis.
 Symbiosis is a close relationship between organisms of different species in which one or both benefit.

There are three different kinds of symbiosis. One is called parasitism. An organism that benifits from its relationship with another organism while the other organism is harmed is called parasite.
An example of this fleas living on dogs.In this case a flea is the parasite. The animal on which the parasite lives, such as the dog, is called the host.
The fleas get food by drinking the dog's blood. However , the dog becomes very uncomfortble and it itches and scratches. In extreme cases, the dog can die from blood loss due to the fleas.

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Eat or Be Eaten

The fox in a forest ecosystem is a predator. A predator is an animal that eats other living animals. The rabbit is the fox's prey. Prey are the animals. the energy flow through the forest ecosystem doesn't stop with the fox.
The fox isn't the top predator in the forest. It, too, is prey at ceratin times. Large predators such as wolves will hunt and eat foxes.
Another important role in an ecosystem is that of a scavenger.
A scavenger is an animal that eats other animals that have died.
Crows are scavengers within a forest ecosystem.

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All living things

All living things are made up of cells. Cells are made up of proteins, which in turn are largely made up of nitrogen. Living things can't just get nitrogen from the air the way they get oxygen.

 That's where other important organisms of an ecosystem come in. These organisms are decomposers such as mushrooms and other fungi,and bacteria.
Decomposers break down animal and plant remains. They convert the nitrogen back into substances that can be used again by living things to make proteins.

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The Next Singing sensation

Tvi Superstar S.Luksimi's the next singing sensation programme from Luksimi was singing wonderful song do you like to listen to it watch here.

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Galapagos

I asked what happened to all of them. The Park ranger explained that throughout the nineteenth century, sailors ate giant tortosies. The giant tortoises were a nady source of fresh meat for sailors during their long sea voyages.

The tortoises could live for months without food and water.
They could be kept in the cargo hold of the ship until they were needed as food.
Tens of thousands of tortoises. tortoises were killed in this way. Giant tortoises were also preyed on by animals that people brought to the galapagos. As early as the sixteenth century, rats jumped off sailing ships, scurried onto the Islands, and feasted on tortoise eggs.

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The Land Iguana

I was looking at the dark volcanic rock when suddenly i noyiced that the rock was moving! It wasn't of  course. It was marine iguanas that were moving.

They were hundreds of them, all basking in the sun. We could get really close to them-they didn't seem to mind. They looked like little stone statues, sitting so still.

You could hear them sneezing. Miguel explained that sneezing expels salt,You could hear them sneezing. Miguel explained that they have special 

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The Humboldt Current

My Dad and  i went back to our cabin for the night. We tried to figure out the answer to the question. we think that reptiles would have been the best rafters because they can live on very little food and water and their skin is thick and tough. mammals would have died of thirst.



Amphibians like frogs and salamanders have thin skin that would have dried out in the hot sun. The same traits that helped the reptiles survive on rafts would help them survive after they reached the rocky shores of the Galapagos. I think  we answered the question!

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The Octopus

The Octopus

Another organism that has tentacles is the octopus. Marine biologists study the many different types of octopods. One small species of octopus grows to only 5cm (2inch)long, but a giant octopus reachs 5.4m(18ft) long and its tentacle arms can stretch 9m(30ft) across.

Regardless of their size, all octopods have some things in common. They don't have bones or shells. In fact their bodies are so soft that they can slip into narrow cracks to hide from enimes and watch for prey.

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A Coral Reef

A Coral Reef

If you went scuba diving to study a coral reef, you would see a wonderland of shapes and colors. The reef itself is a rough ridge built from the hard body coverings of corals and other organisms. Hundreds of animals grow on the reef, hide in it, hunt around it, and swim past it. You might see crabs,sharks,jellyfish, and sponges.

You would certainly see coral animals. One end of a coral polyp's body makes calcium. The calcium builds up in to a stony cup around the polyp has either six or eight tentacles, depending on the type of coral.

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Clownfish

Clownfish

If you were a marine biologist, you would learn about sea organisms. You might study the way clownfish and sea anemones help keep each other alive.

Clownfish are small and defenseless. Even when they are fully grown, they are only about 13cm(5inch) long. 
If a clown fish swims around in a reef, it is in great danger of being eaten by a large fish or another organism. It needs a safe place to hide.

Anemones look like flowers, but they are actually kind of a animal called a polyp. A polyp has a soft, simple body shaped like a bag that is open at one end, with tentacles areound the opening.

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