Household Robots

How Can a Robot Know What Is Going on Around It? The vacuum robot can sense when a wall is near. Robots used to explore space can keep themselves pointed in the right direction. To do all these things, the robot has to be aware of its environment. Human beings have senses. We can see, hear, smell, taste, and touch. A robot needs to be able to get the same kinds of Information. This problem has already been addressed. Robots can be equipped with sensors, circuits, and a microcontroller. Sensors are electronic devices that identify things the way human senses do. 

For example, a robot can "see- using optical sensors. An optical sensor detects the amount and type of light. It also detects shapes and colors. it converts what it sees into electrical impulses. These impulses travel inside the robot on a path called an electric circuit. The circuit is a pathway through which electricity can travel. The circuit carries the impulses to a microcontroller. A microcontroller is a small computer that understands what the impulses mean. It uses the information and compares it to the robot's programming. It then sends electrical signals over the circuits back to the robot's sensors or other parts. The robot responds according to the instructions from the microcontroller. You might Conclusion All over the world, inventors are working hard to develop truly intelligent, humanlike robots. There are already robots all over the place, small ones in our homes and larger ones that do boring, dangerous work for us. We have robots that can walk, talk, and dance, but they cannot really think—yet.

Conclusion

For now at least, we do not need to worry about robots ruling the world. They would need to be able to think and solve problems the way a person can, and none of them can do that. But we should not take robots lightly. They make life easier for us in many ways.

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Medical Robots

Household Robots You have read about some of the robots used in people's homes. More are on the way. There are inexpensive robots that can play soccer on your coffee table or kitchen floor. Some people have toy robotic dogs that can bark and follow them. You may even have built your own robots using construction toys! These robots respond to commands that people give. Before long, you may have robots in your home that can run on their own after you start them. There is no such thing as a robot maid or butler—yet. You cannot find a robot that will walk with you to school. There is no place to buy a robot that will put away the dishes or help you do your homework. But things are starting to move in that direction. A company in Massachusetts has already Invented a small household robot that will vacuum your floor.

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More factories Use the robots

In addition to bring safer and more consistent, factory robots have another advantage—they are not living things. They never get sick or need lunch or restroom breaks. They do not need vacations or paychecks. They can work 24 hours a day without sleeping. Keeping a robot in good working order is cheaper than hiring people to do the same job. This can be both good and bad. Using robots makes it cheaper and faster to produce goods. Companies can bell their products for Iwo money, and more people can afford them. But people who are replaced by robots have to find new jobs. Fortunately, some new jobs are created by the use of robots too—jobs such as programming robots. These jobs are usually more complicated than factory work. People often need special training to do this kind of work. 

Factory Robots Factory robots are used on assembly lines, where the same parts need to be put together for each thing being made. Factories also use robots to paint weld, and move parts from one plate to another. One large car maker uses more than 16.000 robots in its factories. Today, almost every car made in the world is made with some robotic help. Safety is a major reason for robot use in factories. Doing the same thing again and again fur hours and hours is very dulL Men people do this, they become bored and tired. After a while, it is hard for them to pay attention. People start making mistakes. Sometimes they injure themselves. None of this is a problem for robots. Robots do a job exactly the same way every time. People may change how they do the job—even without realising It. Robots do exactly what they are programmed to do, so they go thnnigh exactly the same act ion5 every time. They do the work more consistently than people do. 

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Factory robots at work

When Were Real Robots First Invented? Like many invention* robots developed over a period of time and Involved ideas from many people. More than 100 years ago, a man named Nikola Testa was 11w first to design a machine that could he operated by remote control. Testa believed that it would someday be possible to make machines that were as smart and as useful as people. From the late 1920, until the 1940s, a company called Westinghouse experimented with building mechanical people. The results were machines that were somewhere between automatons and robots. The most interesting machines were a mechanical person named Elektro and a metal dog, Sparko. Elektro walked and talked In pre programmed ways when its Inventor gave orders. Sparko followed Melina, wagging its tall as it barked and growled. Like automatons, they were entertaining but of no real use. 

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When were Real Robots First Invented?

When Were Real Robots First Invented? Like many invention* robots developed over a period of time and Involved ideas from many people. More than 100 years ago, a man named Nikola Testa was 11w first to design a machine that could he operated by remote control. Testa believed that it would someday be possible to make machines that were as smart and as useful as people. From the late 1920, until the 1940s, a company called Westinghouse experimented with building mechanical people. The results were machines that were somewhere between automatons and robots. The most interesting machines were a mechanical person named Elektro and a metal dog, Sparko. Elektro walked and talked In pre programmed ways when its Inventor gave orders. Sparko followed Melina, wagging its tall as it barked and growled. Like automatons, they were entertaining but of no real use. 




The first invention that was truly a robot was built in 1954. An inventor named George Deng made a machine called a manipulator. It looked and acted like a human arm. and it could be programmed to do many jobs. Devol helped start the tint robot company in 1756. By the early 1960s, robots like the manipulator were being manufactured and sold to factories. This same kind of robot, with some improvements, is still widely used today. In the late 1960s a mkt on wheels named Shakev was imented.Shakey was the first robot that was cotwitlercil intelligent. Its Irwin was a huge computer that communicated with it by radio. Al about the same time. an engineer built a 3,000-pound four-legged robot that could walk up tot miles an hour. It was called the Walking Truck. Shakey and the Walking Truck could understand a few simple commands and mow, but they were not irdelligent In the tame way that people are. 
Robots Today Right now there are more than 700,000 robots being used in the world. There are about 60,000 robots an the United States alone. Europe uses about twice as many as America does. Japan uses the most robots—more than half a million! Most robots today are run by electric motors and controlled by computers. Like earlier robots, these robots cannot think for themselves. They can only follow programs. But people have developed programs and robots that can do many things. Think of a task- If there is not a robot that can do it, there is probably somebody trying to invent one. As scientists and engineers develop better robots, we will be seeing them doing more and more. In the future, it will not be unusual to see robots making highways, constructing buildings, laying underground pipe, and performing many other difficult tasks. Since 1975 there have been robotic arms that can pick up objects, move them, and set them down exactly the way the programmer wants. Many of today's robotic arms can telescope. This means that they can become longer or shorter when needed. Some robotic arms can bend like the hose of a vacuum cleaner. Many of them have 'hands" that work the way human hand!. do. These hands are called.trippers. Different types of grippers are mask: and each type has a specific purpose. Some of them can screw on butts. Others can carry test tubes or hold welding rods. 

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The moon makes a trip

Do you know that the moon is 225,000 miles from earth? To go that many miles in a fast car, you would have to travel 100 miles an hour for three whole months without stopping!

The moon makes a trip around the earth about once a month. It looks  small to us because it is so far away. But it is almost as wide as the UnitedStates from New York to California.

If you stood on the moon and looked at the earth, you would not be able to see any  mountains,buildings,or trees.
You would see a blue-white ball.The blue would be earth's oceans. The white would be clouds.

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Some animals are so tiny

Some animals are so tiny that you have to look close to see them. And millions of animals are so small that you cannot see them without a microscope. The little old world harvest mouse only five inches from its nose to its tial.

The pygmy shrew is a very fierce fighter, But it is only three inches long and weights about as much as penny. The chihuahua is the smalllest dog. It weights only two or three pounds. A chihuahua puppy can sit in a teacup.

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